Which type of hormone functions primarily to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake?

The hormone that primarily functions to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake is insulin. Produced by the beta cells of the pancreas, insulin plays a critical role in metabolic processes. When blood glucose levels rise—such as after a meal—insulin is released into the bloodstream.

Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose by cells, particularly in muscle and adipose (fat) tissue. It initiates the translocation of glucose transporters (specifically GLUT4) to the cell membrane, enhancing the ability of cells to absorb glucose from the bloodstream. This action not only lowers blood glucose levels but also aids in storing glucose for future energy needs, primarily in the form of glycogen in the liver and muscles.

Insulin also has effects on fat and protein metabolism, but its primary role in regulating blood glucose makes it a key hormone in the management of energy homeostasis and metabolic health.