Which mineralocorticoid helps regulate sodium and potassium levels in the blood?

Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that plays a crucial role in regulating sodium and potassium levels in the blood. Its primary function is to promote sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, which helps to maintain blood pressure and fluid balance. By enhancing the reabsorption of sodium, aldosterone also indirectly influences water retention, as where sodium goes, water tends to follow.

In addition to increasing sodium reabsorption, aldosterone promotes the excretion of potassium. This dual action is essential for maintaining the electrolyte balance and ensuring that potassium levels do not rise too high, which can have harmful effects on cardiac and muscular function.

Cortisol, deoxycorticosterone, and corticosterone have roles in various physiological processes, including metabolism and stress responses, but they are not primarily focused on the regulation of sodium and potassium balance in the way that aldosterone is. This specificity of function makes aldosterone the correct answer regarding mineralocorticoids and their role in electrolyte regulation.