Which gastric pit cell primarily secretes HCl and intrinsic factor?

Parietal cells are responsible for the secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor in the gastric pits of the stomach. HCl plays a crucial role in gastric digestion by creating an acidic environment, which is necessary for the activation of digestive enzymes such as pepsin. Additionally, intrinsic factor is vital for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the intestine; without it, B12 cannot be effectively absorbed, leading to potential deficiencies.

Parietal cells are located in the gastric glands, and they have a distinctive morphology that allows them to produce large quantities of HCl. The process of HCl secretion involves the transport of chloride ions and the generation of protons through various cellular mechanisms, including the enzyme carbonic anhydrase.

In contrast, other cells in the gastric pits have different functions. Chief cells primarily secrete pepsinogen, the inactive precursor of pepsin, while neck cells produce mucus to protect the gastric lining. G cells release gastrin, a hormone that stimulates the secretion of gastric acid from parietal cells and promotes gastric motility. Thus, parietal cells are specifically key to the production of HCl and intrinsic factor, which is why they are the correct answer.