What type of nephrons predominates in the kidney?

The predominance of cortical nephrons in the kidney is significant due to their structure and function. Cortical nephrons are largely found in the outer region of the kidney and are characterized by shorter loops of Henle that only extend into the outer medulla. This anatomical arrangement makes them highly efficient for filtering blood and forming urine, playing a crucial role in the regulation of water and electrolytes in the body.

Cortical nephrons account for approximately 85% of all nephrons in a healthy kidney, indicating that they are the primary functional units. Their extensive blood supply from the peritubular capillaries facilitates efficient reabsorption of water and solutes, contributing to overall renal function and homeostasis.

While juxtamedullary nephrons have longer loops of Henle that extend deep into the medulla and are important for concentrating urine, they are less numerous overall compared to cortical nephrons. The other options, such as segmental and medullary nephrons, are not classifications used to define nephron types in the same way, meaning they do not reflect the predominant structures important for renal physiology. Thus, the expansive presence and specialized functions of cortical nephrons underscore their critical role in kidney