What are the two main functions of Aldosterone? (Choose 2)

Aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a crucial role in regulating electrolyte and fluid balance in the body. Its two primary functions revolve around the handling of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) in the kidneys.

One main function of aldosterone is to promote renal sodium reabsorption into the bloodstream. This process occurs in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts of the nephron, where aldosterone acts on specific receptors to increase the number of sodium channels and sodium-potassium pumps. As a result, more sodium is reabsorbed from the filtrate back into the blood, which helps to increase blood volume and blood pressure.

The second essential action of aldosterone is to facilitate renal potassium excretion into urine. As the kidneys reabsorb sodium, they must also balance this process by excreting potassium, which is crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Aldosterone promotes the secretion of potassium into the tubular fluid, leading to increased potassium excretion in urine. This mechanism is vital for preventing hyperkalemia, or excessive potassium levels in the blood, which can have serious cardiovascular effects.

Together, these functions of aldosterone—sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion—are key components of the body's regulatory mechanisms